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How to Read a Certificate of Insurance (ACORD 25)

Learn how to read an ACORD 25 certificate of insurance — key fields, coverage types, limits, and common mistakes property managers make.

March 15, 2026 · 10 min read

The ACORD 25 is the standard Certificate of Insurance form used across the U.S. and Canada. Property managers receive dozens of these from landscapers, HVAC contractors, and cleaning crews — but the form is dense, and misreading a single field can leave you exposed. Here is a practical field-by-field guide.

Top of the form: producer and insured

  • Producer / broker — the agent who issued the certificate; contact them to verify coverage or request endorsements
  • Insured — the legal entity covered by the policies; must match your vendor contract
  • Certificate holder — often your property management company or HOA; receives notice if policies cancel

Red flag: the insured name is a personal name while your contract is with an LLC, or vice versa. The named insured must match the entity performing work.

Coverage types and limits

Commercial general liability (CGL)

Look at Each Occurrence (per-claim limit) and General Aggregate (total policy limit). Property managers typically require $1M per occurrence minimum. A certificate showing $500K is non-compliant even if the policy is active.

Workers compensation

Should list statutory limits or state-specific amounts. If the vendor has employees and this section is blank or says “Excluded,” do not allow on site without a valid exemption on file. See workers comp verification for details.

Automobile liability

Required for vendors who drive company vehicles to your properties. Check combined single limit (CSL) meets your minimum — often $1M for commercial auto.

Policy numbers and effective dates

Each coverage section lists a policy number and effective/expiration dates. Verify:

  • Expiration date is in the future for the entire contract period
  • All coverage lines share reasonable date alignment (watch for GL expiring before workers comp)
  • The certificate issue date is recent — stale COIs (6+ months old) should be refreshed

Description of operations / special provisions

This box often references additional insured endorsements, waiver of subrogation, or primary/non-contributory language. If your contract requires additional insured status, this section (or a separate endorsement) must confirm it — not just listing you as certificate holder.

Common mistakes property managers make

  • Assuming “certificate holder” equals “additional insured” — they are different
  • Tracking expiry but not verifying GL limits meet your minimum
  • Accepting a COI without workers comp for vendors with crews
  • Filing the PDF without reading the Description of Operations box
  • Not requesting updated COIs when policies renew mid-contract

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